黄帝内经 - 黄帝内经原文: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ - 素问·重广补注黄帝内经素问序: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/zhong-guang-bu-zhu-huang-di-nei-jing-su-wen-xu/ - 素问·上古天真论篇第一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/shang-gu-tian-zhen-lun/ - 素问·四气调神大论篇第二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/si-qi-tiao-shen-da-lun/ - 素问·生气通天论篇第三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/sheng-qi-tong-tian-lun/ - 素问·金匮真言论篇第四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/jin-kui-zhen-yan-lun/ - 素问·阴阳应象大论篇第五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/yin-yang-ying-xiang-da-lun/ - 素问·阴阳离合篇第六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/yin-yang-li-he/ - 素问·六节藏象论篇第九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/liu-jie-cang-xiang-lun/ - 素问·五藏生成篇第十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/wu-cang-sheng-cheng/ - 素问·五藏别论篇第十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/wu-cang-bie-lun/ - 素问·异法方宜论篇第十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/yi-fa-fang-yi-lun/ - 素问·移精变气论篇第十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/yi-jing-bian-qi-lun/ - 素问·汤液醪醴论篇第十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/tang-ye-lao-li-lun/ - 素问·玉版论要篇第十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/yu-ban-lun-yao/ - 素问·脉要精微论篇第十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/mai-yao-jing-wei-lun/ - 素问·诊要经终论篇第十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/zhen-yao-jing-zhong-lun/ - 素问·平人气象论篇第十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ping-ren-qi-xiang-lun/ - 素问·玉机真藏论篇第十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/yu-ji-zhen-cang-lun/ - 素问·三部九候论篇第二十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/san-bu-jiu-hou-lun/ - 素问·经脉别论篇第二十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/jing-mai-bie-lun/ - 素问·藏气法时论篇第二十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/cang-qi-fa-shi-lun/ - 素问·宣明五气篇第二十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/xuan-ming-wu-qi/ - 素问·血气形志篇第二十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/xue-qi-xing-zhi/ - 素问·宝命全角论篇第二十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/bao-ming-quan-jiao-lun/ - 素问·八正神明论篇第二十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ba-zheng-shen-ming-lun/ - 素问·离合真邪论篇第二十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/li-he-zhen-xie-lun/ - 素问·通评虚实论篇第二十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/tong-ping-xu-shi-lun/ - 素问·太阴阳明论篇第二十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/tai-yin-yang-ming-lun/ - 素问·阳明脉解篇第三十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/yang-ming-mai-jie/ - 素问·热论篇第三十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/re-lun/ - 素问·刺热篇第三十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ci-re/ - 素问·评热病论篇第三十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ping-re-bing-lun/ - 素问·逆调论篇第三十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ni-tiao-lun/ - 素问·疟论篇第三十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/nue-lun/ - 素问·刺疟篇第三十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ci-nue/ - 素问·气厥论篇第三十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/qi-jue-lun/ - 素问·咳论篇第三十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ke-lun/ - 素问·举痛论篇第三十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ju-tong-lun/ - 素问·腹中论篇第四十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/fu-zhong-lun/ - 素问·刺腰痛篇第四十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ci-yao-tong/ - 素问·风论篇第四十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/feng-lun/ - 素问·痹论篇第四十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/bi-lun/ - 素问·痿论篇第四十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/wei-lun/ - 素问·厥论篇第四十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/jue-lun/ - 素问·病能论篇第四十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/bing-neng-lun/ - 素问·奇病论篇第四十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/qi-bing-lun/ - 素问·大奇论篇第四十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/da-qi-lun/ - 素问·脉解篇第四十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/mai-jie/ - 素问·刺要论篇第五十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ci-yao-lun/ - 素问·刺齐论篇第五十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ci-qi-lun-pian/ - 素问·刺禁论篇第五十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ci-jin-lun-pian/ - 素问·刺志论篇第五十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ci-zhi-lun-pian/ - 素问·针解篇第五十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/zhen-jie-pian/ - 素问·长刺节论篇第五十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/zhang-ci-jie-lun-pian/ - 素问·皮部论篇第五十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/pi-bu-lun-pian/ - 素问·经络论篇第五十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/jing-luo-lun-pian/ - 素问·气穴论篇第五十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/qi-xue-lun-pian/ - 素问·气府论篇第五十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/qi-fu-lun-pian/ - 素问·骨空论篇第六十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/gu-kong-lun-pian/ - 素问·水热穴论篇第六十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/shui-re-xue-lun-pian/ - 素问·调经论篇第六十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/diao-jing-lun-pian/ - 素问·缪刺论篇第六十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/miu-ci-lun-pian/ - 素问·四时刺逆从论篇第六十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/si-shi-ci-ni-cong-lun/ - 素问·标本病传论篇第六十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/biao-ben-bing-chuan-lun-pian/ - 素问·天元纪大论篇第六十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/tian-yuan-ji-da-lun-pian/ - 素问·五运行大论篇第六十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/wu-yun-xing-da-lun-pian/ - 素问·六微旨大论篇第六十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/liu-wei-zhi-da-lun-pian/ - 素问·气交变大论篇第六十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/qi-jiao-bian-da-lun-pian/ - 素问·五常政大论篇第七十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/wu-chang-zheng-da-lun-pian/ - 素问·六元正纪大论篇第七十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/liu-yuan-zheng-ji-da-lun-pian/ - 素问·刺法论篇第七十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ci-fa-lun-pian/ - 素问·本病论篇第七十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ben-bing-lun-pian/ - 素问·至真要大论篇第七十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/zhi-zhen-yao-da-lun-pian/ - 素问·着至教论篇第七十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/zhe-zhi-jiao-lun-pian/ - 素问·示从容论第七十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/shi-cong-rong-lun/ - 素问·疏五过论篇第七十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/shu-wu-guo-lun/ - 素问·征四失论篇第七十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/zheng-si-shi-lun-pian/ - 素问·阴阳类论篇第七十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/yin-yang-lei-lun-pian/ - 素问·方盛衰论篇第八十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/fang-sheng-shuai-lun-pian/ - 素问·解精微论篇第八十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/jie-jing-wei-lun-pian/ - 灵枢/序: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ling-shu-xu/ - 灵枢/九针十二原第一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/jiu-zhen-shi-er-yuan-di-yi/ - 灵枢/本输第二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ben-shu-di-er/ - 灵枢/小针解第三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/xiao-zhen-jie-di-san/ - 邪气藏府病形第四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/xie-qi-cang-fu-bing-xing-di-si/ - 灵枢/根结第五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/gen-jie-di-wu/ - 灵枢/寿夭刚柔第六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/shou-yao-gang-rou-di-liu/ - 灵枢/官针第七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/guan-zhen-di-qi/ - 灵枢/本神第八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ben-shen-di-ba/ - 灵枢/终始第九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/zhong-shi-di-jiu/ - 灵枢/经脉第十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ling-shu-di-shi/ - 灵枢/经别第十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/jing-bie-di-shi-yi/ - 灵枢/经水第十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/jing-shui-di-shi-er/ - 灵枢/经筋第十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/jing-jin-di-shi-san/ - 灵枢/骨度第十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/gu-du-di-shi-si/ - 灵枢/五十营第十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-shi-ying-di-shi-wu/ - 灵枢/营气第十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ying-qi-di-shi-liu/ - 灵枢/脉度第十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/mai-du-di-shi-qi/ - 灵枢/营卫生会第十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ying-wei-sheng-hui-di-shi-ba/ - 灵枢/四时气第十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/si-shi-qi-di-shi-jiu/ - 灵枢/五邪第二十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-xie-di-er-shi/ - 灵枢/寒热病第二十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/han-re-bing-di-er-shi-yi/ - 灵枢/癫狂病第二十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/dian-kuang-bing-di-er-shi-er/ - 灵枢/热病第二十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/re-bing-di-er-shi-san/ - 灵枢/厥病第二十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/jue-bing-di-er-shi-si/ - 灵枢/病本第二十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/bing-ben-di-er-shi-wu/ - 灵枢/杂病第二十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/za-bing-di-er-shi-liu/ - 灵枢/周痹第二十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/zhou-bi-di-er-shi-qi/ - 灵枢/口问第二十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/kou-wen-di-er-shi-ba/ - 灵枢/师传第二十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/shi-chuan-di-er-shi-jiu/ - 灵枢/决气第三十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/jue-qi-di-san-shi/ - 灵枢/肠胃第三十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/chang-wei-di-san-shi-yi/ - 灵枢/平人绝谷第三十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ping-ren-jue-gu-di-san-shi-er/ - 灵枢/海论第三十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/hai-lun-di-san-shi-san/ - 灵枢/五乱第三十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-luan-di-san-shi-si/ - 灵枢/胀论第三十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/zhang-lun-di-san-shi-wu/ - 灵枢/五癃津液别第三十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-long-jin-ye-bie-di-san-shi-liu/ - 灵枢/五阅五使第三十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-yue-wu-shi-di-san-shi-qi/ - 灵枢/逆顺肥瘦第三十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ni-shun-fei-shou-di-san-shi-ba/ - 灵枢/血络论第三十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/xue-luo-lun-di-san-shi-jiu/ - 灵枢/阴阳清浊第四十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/yin-yang-qing-zhuo-di-si-shi/ - 灵枢/阴阳系日月第四十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/yin-yang-xi-ri-yue-di-si-shi-yi/ - 灵枢/病传第四十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/bing-chuan-di-si-shi-er/ - 灵枢/淫邪发梦第四十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/yin-xie-fa-meng-di-si-shi-san/ - 灵枢/顺气一日分为四时第四十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/shun-qi-yi-ri-fen-wei-si-shi-di-si-shi-si/ - 灵枢/外揣第四十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wai-chuai-di-si-shi-wu/ - 灵枢/五变第四十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-bian-di-si-shi-liu/ - 灵枢/本藏第四十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ben-cang-di-si-shi-qi/ - 灵枢/禁服第四十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/jin-fu-di-si-shi-ba/ - 灵枢/五色第四十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-se-di-si-shi-jiu/ - 灵枢/论勇第五十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/lun-yong-di-wu-shi/ - 灵枢/背腧第五十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/bei-shu-di-wu-shi-yi/ - 灵枢/卫气第五十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wei-qi-di-wu-shi-er/ - 灵枢/论痛第五十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/lun-tong-di-wu-shi-san/ - 灵枢/天年第五十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/tian-nian-di-wu-shi-si/ - 灵枢/逆顺第五十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ni-shun-di-wu-shi-wu/ - 灵枢/五味第五十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-wei-di-wu-shi-liu/ - 灵枢/水胀第五十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/shui-zhang-di-wu-shi-qi/ - 灵枢/贼风第五十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/zei-feng-di-wu-shi-ba/ - 灵枢/卫气失常第五十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wei-qi-shi-chang-di-wu-shi-jiu/ - 灵枢/玉版第六十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/yu-ban-di-liu-shi/ - 灵枢/五禁第六十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-jin-di-liu-shi-yi/ - 灵枢/动输第六十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/dong-shu-di-liu-shi-er/ - 灵枢/五味论第六十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-wei-lun-di-liu-shi-san/ - 灵枢/阴阳二十五人第六十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/yin-yang-er-shi-wu-ren-di-liu-shi-si/ - 灵枢/五音五味第六十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wu-yin-wu-wei-di-liu-shi-wu/ - 灵枢/百病始生第六十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/bai-bing-shi-sheng-di-liu-shi-liu/ - 灵枢/行针第六十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/hang-zhen-di-liu-shi-qi/ - 灵枢/上膈第六十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/shang-ge-di-liu-shi-ba/ - 灵枢/忧恚无言第六十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/you-hui-wu-yan-di-liu-shi-jiu/ - 灵枢/寒热第七十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/han-re-di-qi-shi/ - 灵枢/邪客第七十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/xie-ke-di-qi-shi-yi/ - 灵枢/通天第七十二: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/tong-tian-di-qi-shi-er/ - 灵枢/官能第七十三: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/guan-neng-di-qi-shi-san/ - 灵枢/论疾诊尺第七十四: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/lun-ji-zhen-chi-di-qi-shi-si/ - 灵枢/刺节真邪第七十五: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/ci-jie-zhen-xie-di-qi-shi-wu/ - 灵枢/卫气行第七十六: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/wei-qi-hang-di-qi-shi-liu/ - 灵枢/九宫八风第七十七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/jiu-gong-ba-feng-di-qi-shi-qi/ - 灵枢/九针论第七十八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/jiu-zhen-lun-di-qi-shi-ba/ - 灵枢/岁露论第七十九: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/sui-lu-lun-di-qi-shi-jiu/ - 灵枢/大惑论第八十: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/da-huo-lun-di-ba-shi/ - 灵枢/痈疽第八十一: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/ling_shu/yong-ju-di-ba-shi-yi/ - 素问·灵兰秘典论篇第八: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/ling-lan-mi-dian-lun/ - 素问·阴阳别论篇第七: https://huangdineijing.org/docs/su_wen/yin-yang-bie-lun/ # 平人绝谷第三十二 黄帝曰:愿闻人之不食,七日而死,何也?伯高曰:臣请言其故。 胃大一尺五寸,径五寸,长二尺六寸,横屈受水谷三斗五升,其中之谷,常留二斗,水一斗五升而满,上焦泄气,出其精微,慓悍滑疾,下焦下溉诸肠。 小肠大二寸半,径八分分之少半,长三丈二尺,受谷二斗四升,水六升三合合之大半。 回肠大四寸,径一寸寸之少半,长二丈一尺,受谷一斗,水七升半。 广肠大八寸,径二寸寸之大半,长二尺八寸,受谷九升三合八分合之一。 肠胃之长,凡五丈八尺四寸,受水谷九斗二升一合合之大半,此肠胃所受水谷之数也。平人则不然,胃满则肠虚,肠满则胃虚,更虚更满,故气得上下,五脏安定,血脉和利,精神乃居,故神者,水谷之精气也。故肠胃之中,当留谷二斗,水一斗五升;故平人日再后,后二升半,一日中五升,七日五七三斗五升,而留水谷尽矣;故平人不食饮七日而死者,水谷精气津液皆尽故也。 ## 平人绝谷第三十二参考白话译文 【题解】平人即正常的人,绝谷指不饮不食。由于本篇重点在于论述正常人不进饮食后死亡的日期及其机理,以突出说明胃肠摄取饮食,补充营养是维持生命的关键,故以"平人绝谷"名篇。 【提要】本文承上篇之后,对肠胃的长度与容量等又作了进一步的说明,并分析了平人绝谷七日而死的原因。 【注释】[1]五丈八尺四寸此数加上上篇唇至齿长九分,齿至会厌长三寸半,咽门至胃长一尺六寸,共为六丈又四寸四分,这样与上篇之总数相符。 [2]日再后是一日两次大便的意思。 【白话解】黄帝说正常的人七天不饮食就会死亡,我想知道这是什么原因?伯高说请允许我谈一谈其中的道理。胃的周长是一尺五寸,直径五寸,长二尺六寸,其形弯曲,能容纳三斗五升饮食,在通常情况下存留二斗食物和一斗五升水就满了。上焦具有输布精气的功能,也就是能够将中焦化生的精微物质布散全身,其中包括运行快速滑利的阳气,其余部分在下焦灌注到诸肠当中。小肠的周长是二寸半,直径八分又三分之一分,长三丈二尺,能容纳二斗四升食物和六升三合又三分之二合水。回肠的周长是四寸,直径一寸又三分之一寸,长二丈一尺,能容纳一斗食物和七升半水。直肠的周长是八寸,直径二寸又三分之二寸,长二尺八寸,能容纳食物九升三合又八分之一合。肠胃的总长度,共计五丈八尺四寸,能容纳九斗二升一合又三分之二合饮食物,这就是肠胃能容纳饮食物的总数量。健康的人并不是上面所讲的那样,而是在胃中充满饮食物的时候,肠中是空虚无物的,当肠中充满饮食物的时候,胃中又没有饮食物了。这样,肠胃总是处于充满和空虚交替的状态,这样气才能够布散全身上下畅行。五脏功能正常,血脉调和通畅,精神才能旺盛。所以说神就是由饮食物的精微物质所化生。在人的肠胃中,一般存留二斗食物和一斗五升的水。健康人每天大便二次,每次排泄约二升半,一天就排出五升,七天共排出三斗五升,这样原来存留在肠胃的饮食物都排泄完了。因此健康人七天不进饮食就会死亡,这是饮食物化生的精。微物质以及津液消耗枯竭的缘故。 【按语】本篇关于肠胃的解剖与上篇大致相同,详述了肠胃的大小、长度和生理功能,其中关于正常人七日不食而死的机理在于"水谷精气津液皆尽故",是为了说明胃肠摄取饮食、补充营养是维持生命活动的关键。本篇还提出了"胃满则肠虚,肠满则胃虚,更虚更满,故气得上下,五脏安定,血脉和利,精神乃居,故神者,水谷之精气也"的观点,强调了保持胃肠消化系统通畅对人体健康有很重要的意义,对于临床的治疗养。生康复都有一定的指导作用。本篇还可与《难经•四十三难》的有关内容互参。